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橡塑技术与装备
HINA R&P TECHNOLOGY AND EQUIPMENT
密的炭层,因此其线性烧蚀率和质量烧蚀率偏高。图 的相互作用,提高了 EPDM 的结合橡胶和交联密度 ;
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7(b 1 ) 和 (b 2 ) 为 KKNFs SiO 2 /EPDM 的烧蚀炭层形貌。 (2)随 KKNFs SiO 2 /EPDM 用量的增加,EPDM
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与 EPDM 相比, KKNFs SiO 2 /EPDM 的炭层最为致密, 的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率不断增加,当 KKNFs SiO 2
没有明显的孔洞 ;进一步在高放大倍数下观察,可以 用量为 5 份时,EPDM 的综合性能最优。
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看到纳米二氧化硅已经转化为纳米级硅氧化合物颗粒 (3)与未填充 KKNFs SiO 2 的 EPDM 相 比,
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以及骨架结构。在烧蚀过程中,KKNFs SiO 2 表面的 5-KKNFs SiO 2 /EPDM 纳米复合材料的拉伸强度和断
大量 Si-O 键在热解过程中会被打开,碳化后形成细 裂伸长率分别提高了 235.5 % 和 65.4 %,线烧蚀率和
化的交联网络结构和丰富的 SiOx。在热解气流的驱动 质量烧蚀率分别降低了 69.9% 和 47.6%。
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下,KKNFs SiO 2 表面熔融 SiOx,与碳氢化合物反应
生成不规则的 SixOyCz 球状颗粒。这些球状颗粒拥有 参考文献 :
[1] Padture N P. Advanced structural ceramics in aerospace
较高的比表面积,可以黏附更多的残碳,填充了炭层
propulsion[J]. Nature materials, 2016, 15(8): 804-809.
骨架之间的孔洞,一方面使得炭层结构更加致密,另 [2] You Q, Liu G, Zhong Y, et al. Mechanical properties and
一方面硅氧化合物本身的高热稳定性同样能够提高复 oxidative ablation behaviors of polysilazane-modified
phenolic resin aerogel/carbon fiber fabric composites[J].
合材料的耐烧蚀能力。
Polymer Composites, 2024, 45(1): 286-301.
[3] 唐士博,薛楠川,温世鹏 . 芳纶短纤维对三元乙丙橡胶热防护
材料结构与性 能的影响 [J]. 弹性体,2022, 32(2): 1-5.
[4] 张崇耿,李强,张新航,等 . 耐烧蚀 EPDM 胶料配方的研究 [J].
橡胶工业,2007, 54(7): 421-422.
[5] Lyu J, Wang X, Liu L, et al. High Strength Conductive
Composites with Plasmonic Nanoparticles Aligned on
Aramid Nanofibers [J]. Advanced Functional Materials,
2016, 26(46):8435-8445.
[6] Xu Y S, Wang J, Amel M, et al. Effect of epichlorohydrin-
modified Kevlar nanofibres on thermodynamic properties of
different rubbers: Experiment and molecular simulation[J].
合成橡胶工业 , 2023, 47(3): 268.
[7] Wang J, Zhang X, Wen Y, et al. Aramid Nanofiber/XNBR
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图 7 EPDM(a 1 -2)和 5-KKNFs SiO 2 /EPDM(b 1 -2)的 Nanocomposite with High Mechanical, Thermal, and
烧蚀表面炭层 SEM
Electrical Performance [J]. Nanomaterials, 2023, 13(2): 335.
[8] 赵自强 . 基于阴离子聚合方法的大分子单体合成及二氧化硅接
3 结论 枝改性研究 [D]; 北京化工大学,2009.
(1)KH550 能够显著提高 KNFs SiO 2 与 EPDM
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Influence of modified Kevlar nanofibers on the properties of ethylene-
propylene-diene monomer rubber
Zhang Yangyang, Zhao Dongwei, Zhao Xin, Dai Yize, Lan Bo, Zuo Yan, Jia Hongbing*
(Key Laboratory of Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science
and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China)
Abstract: With the development of hypersonic weapons, their harsh thermal environment making it
crucial to enhance the comprehensive performance of thermal protection materials. In this paper, Kevlar
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nanofibers (KNFs) were coated with nano-silica through in-situ growth on their surface to obtain KNFs SiO 2 .
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The influence of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550) modified KNFs SiO 2 on the ablation resistance and
mechanical properties of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) was investigated. The results showed
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that compared to EPDM, the tensile strength and elongation at break of the KNFs SiO 2 /EPDM composite filled
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