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橡塑技术与装备 CHINA RUBBER/PLASTICS TECHNOLOGY AND EQUIPMENT

Mater, 2019, 29(17):190–202. dimensional titanium carbide “clay” with high volumetric
[24] L. Zhang, X.Q. Ji, X. Ren. Electrochemical ammonia capacitance[J]. Nature, 2014, 56,(24):78–81.
[26] J. Halim, M.R. Lukatskaya, K.M. Cook. Transparent
synthesis via nitrogen reduction reaction on a MoS 2
catalyst:Theoretical and experimental studies[J]. Adv. conductive two-dimensional titanium carbide epitaxial thin
Mater, 2018, 30(17):172–181. films[J]. Chem. Mater, 2014, 26(14):2 374–2 381.
[25] M. Ghidiu, M.R. Lukatskaya, M.Q. Zhao. Conductive two-

Research progress and prospects of two-dimensional nano catalysts

Zhang Wei, Wang Chao, Kang Yong
(Jiangsu Lee & Man Chemical Co. LTD., Changshu 215500, Jiangsu, China)

Abstract: This article introduces typical two-dimensional nanocatalysts that have long been considered
a research hotspot in general catalytic applications, and discusses their classification, structure, synthesis
methods, and characterization in sequence. In addition, we have provided discussions on catalytic
applications based on two-dimensional nanomaterials, mainly focusing on environmental treatment and
biochemical technologies, including dye degradation, toxic substance elimination, hydrogen evolution
reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO 2 RR), and cancer
treatment. Finally, we described the opportunities, challenges, and development directions of two-
dimensional nanocatalysts. The purpose of this review is to stimulate and guide interest in this research field, in
order to promote innovation in the catalytic field of two-dimensional nanomaterials in the future.
Key words: 2D nanomaterials; photocatalysis; electrocatalysis; electrochemistry; photoelectrochemistry
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全新轮胎法规将启用
New tire regulations will come into force introduced

目前，联合国欧洲经济委员会（UNECE）宣布，将引入一种测量轮胎颗粒物排放的方法，就像对制动系统
采用的类似方法一样。
轮胎由天然橡胶和合成橡胶以及聚合物和其他化学物质组成，轮胎因与路面摩擦而磨损，例如当车辆转弯、
加速或制动时，将小颗粒释放到空气中并释放到路边和周围环境中。
在污染和能源工作组的支持下，噪音和轮胎工作组根据联合国第 117 号条例批准了两种测量轮胎磨损的方法：
在行驶 8 000 km 的车队的开放道路上进行测试，以及对超过 5 000 km 的磨损滚动滚筒进行实验室测试。
由于磨损而造成的轮胎重量损失将以轮胎上每吨负载的毫克 / 公里为单位。这些方法将应用于市场评估工作，
以收集各种轮胎尺寸、型号和品牌的磨损数据，确定磨损限值，并在 2025 年 9 月之前纳入联合国第 117 号法规，
用于乘用车轮胎（C1 轮胎）。
一旦修订后的法规生效，轮胎制造商将不得不确保所有销售的轮胎都符合这些限制。超过限制的制造商将需
要调整其材料成分或制造工艺。该提案由法国和欧盟委员会牵头，将作为欧盟欧 7 提案的参考方法。
预计该方法将在 2026~2027 年扩展到涵盖配备 C2 和 C3 轮胎的较重车辆，从而有助于显著减少微塑料对环
境的污染。
编自 “ 中国轮胎商务网 ”
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